Radiographic Testing
(RT), or industrial radiography, is a nondestructive
testing (NDT) method of inspecting materials for hidden
flaws by using the ability of short wavelength
electromagnetic radiation (high energy photons) to penetrate
various materials.
Either an
X-ray machine or a radioactive source (Ir-192, Co-60, or in rare
cases Cs-137) can be used as a source of photons. Neutron
radiographic testing (NR) is a variant of radiographic testing
which uses neutrons instead of photons to penetrate materials.
This can see very different things from X-rays, because neutrons
can pass with ease through lead and steel but are stopped by
plastics, water and oils.
Since the
amount of radiation emerging from the opposite side of the
material can be detected and measured, variations in this amount
(or intensity) of radiation are used to determine thickness or
composition of material. Penetrating radiations are those
restricted to that part of the electromagnetic spectrum of
wavelength less than about 10
nanometres.
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